California Moves to Standardize Phonics-Based Reading Instruction
Efforts to standardize phonics-based reading instruction in California are gaining momentum with the introduction of Assembly Bill 1454. This legislation, championed by Assembly Speaker Robert Rivas of Hollister, could mark a significant shift in the state’s approach to teaching reading, emphasizing phonics as a primary method. The bill aims to address long-standing concerns over reading instruction methods that have persisted for decades.
Phonics teaches children to read by sounding out letters and syllables, contrasting sharply with the “whole word” reading method still employed in many schools. This latter approach often leads students to memorize complete words, such as “incomprehensible,” rather than understanding the individual sounds that comprise them. The results have been disappointing; according to the latest California Smarter Balanced test, only 47% of students met or exceeded state reading standards in 2024, a decline from 49.1% in 2019.
Assembly Bill 1454 has garnered support from the influential California Teachers Association and was unanimously approved by both the Assembly and the Senate Appropriations Committee. The legislation mandates the California Board of Education to adopt “evidence-based means of teaching foundational reading skills.” This includes “explicit and systematic instruction” in print concepts, phonological awareness, phonics, and word recognition.
Lance Izumi, senior director of the Center for Education at the Pacific Research Institute, expressed optimism about the bill, stating it could finally shift curriculum materials and teacher training towards the phonics-based “science of reading.” He noted, however, that successful implementation remains a challenge. Many school districts continue to rely on whole-word reading methods, which could hinder the bill’s effectiveness.
As parents have become increasingly concerned about their children’s reading skills, some have taken matters into their own hands. Many have turned to programs like Hooked on Phonics to supplement their children’s education. Yet, these individual efforts have not sufficiently improved California’s overall reading scores.
With the full Senate set to vote on AB 1454, advocates urge swift passage so that Governor Gavin Newsom can sign it into law. If enacted, this legislation could effectively conclude what has been referred to as the “reading wars” since the 1990s, allowing educators to focus on proven phonics methods.
Izumi has called on parents to remain vigilant and advocate for pro-phonics candidates on local school boards. He emphasized that a solid foundation in reading is essential for critical thinking and overall educational success. As California grapples with its reading challenges, this legislation may provide the necessary framework to ensure that all students gain the vital skills they need to thrive academically and beyond.
