Scientists Achieve Milestone in Nuclear Fuel Production for Fast Reactors
UPDATE: Scientists at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) have made a groundbreaking achievement in nuclear energy, announcing the first-ever production of enriched fuel salt for the Molten Chloride Reactor Experiment (MCRE). This historic milestone marks the world’s initial test of a molten chloride salt fast reactor, with operations expected to begin as early as 2030.
This advancement is a significant leap for American innovation in nuclear technology and emphasizes the nation’s commitment to developing advanced nuclear energy solutions. “This is the first time in history that chloride-based molten salt fuel has been produced for a fast reactor,” stated Bill Phillips, technical lead for salt synthesis at INL.
The MCRE project is a collaborative effort involving major players like Southern Company, TerraPower, CORE POWER, and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). It aims to demonstrate cutting-edge nuclear technologies, with promising implications for the maritime market. The project is set to take place at the newly established Laboratory for Operation and Testing in the United States (LOTUS) test bed at INL.
Unlike conventional reactors that utilize solid fuel rods, molten salt reactors employ a liquid fuel mixture of salts containing fissile material. This innovative design allows for higher operating temperatures, improved fuel efficiency, and enhanced safety measures. “The Molten Chloride Fast Reactor represents a paradigm shift in the nuclear fuel cycle,” remarked Jeff Latkowski, senior vice president of TerraPower.
The implications for the maritime industry are profound. “Molten salt reactors could provide ships with highly efficient, low-maintenance nuclear power, reducing emissions and enabling long-range, uninterrupted travel,” said Don Wood, senior technical advisor for MCRE. This technology may pave the way for a new, mobile, and scalable nuclear sector that could transform global shipping industries.
The journey to this breakthrough began in 2020 when INL scientists aimed to convert 90% of uranium metal into uranium chloride and produce 18 kilograms of fuel salt per batch. Initial attempts fell short, achieving only 80% conversion. However, by 2024, the team accomplished a 95% conversion rate and can now produce a full batch in just one day. The first production batch was delivered at the end of September 2023, with four additional batches scheduled for completion by March 2026.
This achievement directly supports a key national goal to advance nuclear energy, as outlined in a 2025 executive order by former President Donald J. Trump. “Molten chloride reactors offer the best blend of fuel efficiency, safety, and long-term sustainability,” said Jacob Yingling, research scientist for fuel salt synthesis.
As the potential of nuclear power expands, national policies are adapting to match this momentum. “The administration implemented executive orders in May of this year to jumpstart America’s nuclear energy industrial base,” explained Jess Gehin, INL’s Associate Laboratory Director for Nuclear Science & Technology. These changes are crucial in accelerating the development of this innovative technology.
The MCRE project is not just about developing new fuel but also about affirming the U.S. position as a leader in next-generation nuclear innovation. “We’re building the foundation for a more secure energy future, and MCRE is just the beginning,” said James King, MCRE project director.
As the world watches this groundbreaking development unfold, the successful production of molten chloride fuel salt could signal the dawn of a new era in nuclear propulsion, revitalizing the U.S. merchant shipping fleet and enhancing global competitiveness.
